C++ Manipulators

In this tutorial, you will learn about the manipulators in C++. Manipulators are used to styling output in various ways. This is the most common way to control the program output.

There are many manipulators used in c++ language like, endl, setw, Setprecision, Setfill, Showpoint, fixed.

Here we discuss one by one.

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endl manipulators

The manipulator endl is used to move the cursor to the beginning of the next line.  It works like same as the working of \n escape sequence.

Example

Cout<<”Hello”<<endl<<”world”<<endl;

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setw manipulators

This manipulator is used to display output in specified columns. setw manipulator is the part of iomanip library.

Example

//setw manipulators in C++
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout<<"column1"<<setw(10)<<"column2"<<setw(12)<<"column3"; 
return 0;
}

Output

column1   column2     column3

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setprecision manipulators

The setprecision manipulator is used to display a number of digits after the decimal point.  Mostly it is used to the round of values. setprecision manipulator is the part of iomanip library.

Example

//Setprecision manipulators in C++
#include<iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 double a = 3.8978978;
 cout << setprecision(5) << a <<endl;  
 cout << setprecision(7) << a <<endl;  
 cout << setprecision(3) << a <<endl;  

}

Output

3.8979
3.897898
3.9

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setfill manipulators

This manipulator is used to replace blank spaces with the specified characters. Setfill manipulator is effective with the use of setw. It is thepart of iomanip library.

Example

//setfill manipulators in C++
#include<iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 double a = 3;
    
  cout << setfill ('*') << setw (9);  
  cout << a << endl;   

}

Output

********3

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showpoint manipulators

The showpoint manipulator is used to write a decimal point for floating-point output even when it is not necessary.

Example

//Showpoint manipulators in C++
#include<iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 double a = 3;
 cout << "With showpoint: " << showpoint << a <<endl;  
 cout<< "With noshowpoint: " << noshowpoint << a << endl;  
	
}

Output

With showpoint: 3.00000
With noshowpoint: 3

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